Friday, 26 April 2013

Week 8 - Religion In The Forest

This week, the class was lucky enough to spend half the lecture among the trees by The Lakes at UQ. Stepping outside the classroom was refreshing and enjoyable. It allowed time to escape the busyness of university life which is usually bogged down with assignments and endless amounts of time spent indoors. 

The results of the time spent by the lake is summarised in this poem I wrote: 

The light warms my skin and dances on my eyelids

The trees absorb and provide me with the air I breath
From the dead and decomposed I sit on.



The lake thrives as a metropolis of life;
The dragonfly buzzes in my peripherals
While the water hen stalks and ponders my company.



My experience resonates with Bron Taylor's (2010) point on 'green religion'. 'Green religion' is more than nature religion in that it is "often derived from a Darwinian understanding that all forms of life have evolved from a common ancestor and are therefore related" (Taylor in Klassen 2012, p.75). As seen in the picture to the right, observing the nature by the lake made me acknowledge that the elements I could see were playing a role in keeping the whole ecosystem and each individual element alive. 

References: 

Klassen C. 2012. Avatar, Dark Green Religion, and the Technological Construction of Nature. Cultural Studies Review 18(2): 74-86 .

Week 7 - Music, Media, and Religion

WRIT2011 Interview – Religion in the Media and Music
Patrick Keady interviewed by Madeleine Gardner

Both religion and music exhibit emotive and transformative elements. It is no wonder then that music plays a dynamic role in religion and the perpetuation of this is facilitated through modern media. Birgit Meyer (2012) talks about this through the term sensational forms while Rupert Till (2010) addresses the pop-cultism of religion and music. Both of these were discussed and will be used to frame the opinions of interviewee, Patrick (Pat) Keady, Director of Emmanuelworship within the Emmanuel Community in Paddington, Brisbane. Pat has always had a passion for music and the education, travel and spiritual experiences he has encountered throughout his life have led him to the position he holds today. He aims at promoting contemporary Catholic music to the world “for the Church of the future” (emmanuelworship - About).

Pat grew up in the small town of Coonamble, NSW, where he attended the local Catholic primary school. Music was always encouraged in his family and Pat found great solace in exploring the piano and learning by ear: “Every song I wrote was like a new diary entry”. Music played such a pivotal role in his life that he went on to study music at Southern Cross University before travelling to LA on a composing and arranging scholarship. It was here that Pat, over a period of 3 years, became evangelised, straying from his Catholic upbringing towards the more charismatic nature of Christian Evangelicalism. Among his later travels to Ireland, he converted to Protestantism, before coming back to the Catholic Church which is where he now calls home.

The great power of music to influence the mind is not a new concept. Quite often it is the group mentality of music that exerts such an influence (Till 2010, 1). Naturally, when this is combined with religious rituals there is an ability to interact with the transcendental. Through the work of Emmanuelworship, individual religiosity is brought about in a community setting through their weekly presence at Fuel and annual presence at The Ignite Conference (emmanuelworship - About). This group setting, as Till suggest, is often associated with the term ‘cult’. These ‘pop-cults’ of modern popular music stem from musicians’ claim of a special gift which links them to the divine (Till 2010, 7). Pat believes that if you’re a Catholic and you have a calling to a particular area of culture, like music, “that you need to use your gifts to be a channel of your belief”. Pat did not reach this conclusion initially, having to explore other denominations to feel comfortable with his eventual decision. This is the same for members of pop-cults who strive to find their own niche or genre through spending time getting to know the scene and its inner workings (Till 2010, 7). Ultimately, Pat wanted to be knowledgeable about his faith for if he was truly meant to be a Catholic, he wanted to know if it was a cult.
Music has the power to be evocative and spiritual. As Meyer describes, music is a sensational form of society; meaning it can be used within religion to experience the presence of the transcendental (Meyer 2012, 160). Music has always had an influence in the Church as a vehicle to connect with God, from the Gregorian chants of the early Catholic monks to the modern worship music of today, such as Emmanuelworship. Pat not only believes in the use of worship music in order to connect with God, but also recognises the power of all styles of music as there are many cultures God wants to reach people through. The sensation of music “helps people get in touch with what they feel,” and when it helps one get in touch with an important figure, for example God, Pat believes it is “doubly powerful”.

Media also plays a pivotal role in promulgating the message of Christianity. Modern media, in particular, have an increasing reach to audiences through the advancements of the internet, social media and television. When asked about the role of the media in religion, Pat agreed the media have a strong hold over how religion is portrayed in society where there is a “battle for ideas, battle for a culture and a battle for the way to think”. There is politically correct and politically incorrect spirituality the media portrays. For Pat, there is a general message that is not pro-Catholic. In order to overcome this problem he believes Christians need to be authentic. In his words, “I want to be the voice of Jesus…and so be a part of the solution…to be a voice of Grace, not law”. Music and media are a channel for religious practice as the experience of the transcendental is a mediated process through these sensational forms (Meyer 2012, 161-2). I asked Pat about other communities like Emmanuelworship and the extent to which media is used to display the message of religious groups and he replied that, “I don’t think the media is taking it too far” as “the Gospel is meant to pervade all of society… to be the leaven in the dough of society.” Modern media influences cultural religious practices, of which music is a part of, as opposed to traditional teachings in order to be relevant in society today (Till 2010, 4). Pat strives to keep the Catholic Church relevant through his work by using his call to write and record songs. By doing this, he is “promoting original Catholic music which is contemporary in style to try and reach the language that I felt like would have reached me if I’d have heard it as a teenager”.

“Without particular social structures, sensory regimes, bodily techniques, doctrines and practices that make up a religion, the searching individual craving experience of God would not exist” (Meyer 2012, 159). This is facilitated through the media and use of music to enhance sensory experiences in religion. Pat Keady strives to promote the message of the Church in his community through his engagement with Emmanuelworship. Media does not only shape sensational forms, says Meyer, but sensational forms like film and social media, mediate themselves (Meyer 2012, 162). Pat sees that “where there the good, beautiful and true, then there is God,” and that film and music exhibit these elements. While not explicitly being religious he says they “convey the true message of what religion is all about”. Pat believes that music “is a powerful medium that should not be ignored lightly…because music moves the soul”. For that reason, the promotion of religion is enhanced by not only media but music because of the great power it has to influence society.




References
Emmanuelworship.com. "emmanuelworship - About." 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2013. <http://emmanuelworship.com/about.cfm>.
Keady, Patrick 2013. "Interview on Religion, Music and Media." Personal interview. April 16 2013.
Meyer B. 2012. Religious Sensations: Media, Aesthetics, and the Study of Contemporary Religion. In Lynch G. and J. Mitchell with A. Strhan. Eds., Religion, Media and Culture: A Reader. 159-170. London and New York: Routledge.
Till, R. 2010. Pop Cult: Religion and Popular Music. London: Continuum International Publishing, Ch. 9, Do You Believe in Rock and Roll. Musical Cults of the Sacred Popular. 168-192. Ebook.



Sunday, 14 April 2013

Week 6 - Commodified Religion

Religion is everywhere; on the television, Facebook, YouTube and on the streets, billboards and radio. Religion has become a commodity, particularly in the developed world, in order to survive. This is due to the mass media that is presented to us every day. Facebook, Twitter, television etc. give reach to a wider community of devotees of religious institutions. 

With this in mind it is important to note that the proselytism of religion via advertisement can also fall short. Take The Church of Scientology as an example. Their 2009 campaign includes a series of video clips that show images of everyday people and activities with the tag line of Scientology: Know Yourself-Know Life at the very end. The advert pulls watchers in because everyone can relate to the images on the screen. The multi-million-dollar branding message transforms Scientology from the stale figure of Tom Cruise into a hip, modern and cool commodity, yet doesn't mention once what Scientology actually is (Einstein 2011).

Images and symbols play a major role in the commodity of religion. Debord (1994) talks about the 'spectacle' that is constructed in society today. This is fueled by the branding of religion intertwined with social and everpresent media. The 'spectacle' surrounds religion. It is not about looking at images as a 'spectacle', but the 'social relationship between people that is mediated by images' (Debord 1994). Everyone wants to be a part of and know about the spectacle in order to conform and accept the commodification of religion. 

Fashion is a major part of the branding of religion. A few years ago it was all about wearing jewelry with crosses on them or the branding of religious groups on t-shirts and even underwear. This religious symbolism and branding is inescapable. For me, the religious pieces of fashion I own (seen below) are about the story behind them, not merely their religious origin. All of them permeate memories of when/where I received them or who gave them to me. 

(From left to right)
Rosary beads: a present from my Mother when she went to Ireland
Rosary bead bracelet: a reminder of my European travels in 2010 from Notre Dame
St Rita medallion: a reminder of my time spent at high school
Rosary beads: originally my Grandmother's 
Cross necklace: the last present I received from my Nanna
Guitar keyring: memento from a camp I attended holding spiritual significance
Rosary beads: my first set given to me at my conformation


References: 

Einstein M. 2011. The Evolution of Religious Branding. Social Compass 58(3): 331-338. (RL)

Debord G. 1994. The Society of the Spectacle. New York: Zone Books. 

Monday, 1 April 2013

Week 5 - Music Is All I Got

Religion is emotive. Music is emotive. Naturally, religious music is highly emotive. In saying this, mainstream music is more commonly using subtle undertones of religion in the use of 'spirituality' as opposed to religious symbols in songs. This shift has not gone unrecognised, as Rupert Till (2010) discusses in his book Pop Cult: Religion and Popular Music. 

It is amazing the power music has to create feelings and rekindle memories. Love Is All I Got by Feed Me & Crystal Fighters brings the sacred into the mainstream with its transic beat and lyrics. It talks about feeding your soul with love to lead a more fulfilling life, a message of many religious traditions. More than this, the film clip follows the story of the main singer who strives to become a hero for the to save/get the girl of his dreams, to be the one to save her with love, just like a God?


More often, music is taking on spiritual meaning. With so many different genres of music emerging there is something for everyone. Last week I went to a Drum and Bass concert in Fortitude Valley where I witnessed first-hand, the spiritual elements to a style of music I'd never really heard of. At first I sat on the edge of the dancefloor observing some of the hard-core DnB fans. When the main act, Black Sun Empire came on, my friend got up and I also felt compelled to get up and dance to what a few minutes ago had seemed ridiculous. Participants threw their bodies back and forth in time to the music, shifting their weight from one leg to the other, spinning, throwing their hands up and letting their bodies flail unconsciously about. By closing my eyes, I could feel what they were. An overwhelming sense of letting go, not watching or caring what the people around me were doing, caught in the trance of the DnB. 
Black Sun Empire, DnB Concert 30/3/13

This ability to get carried away is an essesntial spiritual element to the music I listen to. Music can take us to a new place and let us forget our problems for a moment, just like religion. 

References: 

Till, R. 2010. Pop Cult: Religion and Popular Music. London: Continuum International Publishing, Ch. 9, Do You Believe in Rock and Roll. Musical Cults of the Sacred Popular. 168-192. Ebook.

Love Is All I Got. 2012. Retrieved 29 March, 2013. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_EyOIiiNR4